Cattleya Orchid Source: Venezuela

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Epidendrum tridens

Common Name: Three-toothed Epidendrum
Native to: Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, Windward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Surinam, French Guiana, Guyana. Epidendrum tridens is widespread and common. This species grows between 1500 and 2500 meters in elevation on trees.
Plant Size: Medium. Epidendrum tridens has reed-like stems with several leaves.
Flower Size: 2.75 to 3.5 inches (7-9 cm)
Flower Description: The white flowers of Epidendrum tridens are very similar to Epidendrum nocturnum and are fragrant at night.
Bloom Season: Spring
Growing Temperature: Warm to Cool
Additional Information: Grow Epidendrum tridens mounted on cork bark or tree fern or grow in a well-drained pot with coarse growing media. Like many widespread species, this one is adaptable to many different growing conditions. Easy to grow.
Synonyms: Amphiglottis nocturna var. latifolia, Epidendrum carpophorum, Epidendrum nocturnum var. latifolium, Epidendrum nocturnum var. tridens, Epidendrum nocturnum var. tumuc-humaciense, Epidendrum tridens var. briegeri, Epidendrum tumuc-humaciense, Epidendrum tunguraguae

Epidendrum stamfordianum

Common Name: Stamford's Epidendrum
Native to: Mexico south to Columbia and Venezuela. Epidendrum stamfordianum grows in seasonally dry forest and is usually found growing on large tree limbs.
Plant Size: Medium. Epidendrum stamfordianum has upright pseudobulbs with three or four oblong leaves.
Flower Size: 1.5 inches (3.75 cm)
Flower Description: The flower stem emerges from the base of a maturing pseudobulb and grows to 24 inches (60 cm) tall. Flowers are fragrant.
Bloom Season: Winter, Spring, Summer
Growing Temperature: Warm
Additional Information: Epidendrum stamfordianum was named after Mr. Stamford who was an English orchid grower and collector who lived during the 1800's. Grow mounted on driftwood or cork bark and provide ample water and frequent fertilization during the spring and summer months. Allow the plants to rest (i.e. reduce water and fertilizer) during the cooler fall and winter months. Wild-collected plants may sulk for up to two years before making new growth.
Synonyms: Auliza stamfordiana, Epidendrum basilare, Epidendrum cycnostachys, Epidendrum cycnostalix, Epidendrum stamfordianum var. lawrenceanum, Epidendrum stamfordianum var. leeanum, Epidendrum stamfordianum var. parviflorum, Epidendrum stamfordianum var. pictum, Epidendrum stamfordianum var. wallacei, Psilanthemum basilare

Epidendrum serpens

Common Name: Serpent Epidendrum Orchid
Native to: Ecuador, Columbia, Venezuela. Epidendrum serpens grows on trees between 1600 and 3500 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Miniature. Epidendrum serpens has small oval pseudobulbs that have one leaf.
Flower Size: 0.5 inches (1.5 cm)
Flower Description: One small flower is produced on a flower stem that emerges from newly developed pseudobulbs.
Bloom Season: Spring
Growing Temperature: Warm to Cool
Additional Information: Epidendrum serpens does best when grow on cork or tree fern plaques. Provide even moisture and fertilizer throughout the year.
Synonyms: Epidendrum ornithidii, Hormidium serpens

Epidendrum secundum

Common Name: Flowers in One Plane Epidendrum Orchid
Native to: Brazil, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela. Epidendrum secundum grows as a terrestrial plant between 600 and 3200 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Large. Epidendrum secundum has upright, leafy, reed-like stems.
Flower Size: 0.5 inches (1 cm)
Flower Description: The flowers of Epidendrum secundum are variable in color and there are white, yellow, and rose color forms available. Flowers develop on terminal inflorescence that form on mature stems. There are many flowers clustered near the tip of the flower stem and the flowers bloom over a long period of time.
Bloom Season: Anytime of the year.
Growing Temperature: Warm to Cool
Additional Information: The common name is derived from the way that the flowers are arranged on the inflorescence. Grow in a well-drained pot with terrestrial orchid mix. Keep moist throughout the year. Easy to grow and adaptable. Large plants are impressive in bloom but take up a great deal of space. Some growers in mild climates grow the plants outside in the garden.
Synonyms: Amphiglottis corymbosa, Amphiglottis lacera, Amphiglottis secunda, Amphiglottis secunda, Encyclia pulcherrima, Epidendrum antioquiense, Epidendrum brachyphyllum, Epidendrum bulkeleyi, Epidendrum cochlidium, Epidendrum coroicoense, Epidendrum crassifolium, Epidendrum crassifolium var. albescens, Epidendrum cuzcoense, Epidendrum dichotomum, Epidendrum dolichopus, Epidendrum ellipticum, Epidendrum elongatum, Epidendrum evectum, Epidendrum expansum, Epidendrum fastigiatum, Epidendrum fimbria, Epidendrum giroudianum, Epidendrum gracilicaule, Epidendrum herzogii, Epidendrum incisum, Epidendrum inconstans, Epidendrum juruaense, Epidendrum lacerum, Epidendrum lindenii, Epidendrum longihastatum, Epidendrum novogranatense, Epidendrum pachyphyllum, Epidendrum polyschistum, Epidendrum pulcherrimum, Epidendrum secundum f. albescens, Epidendrum secundum var. albescens, Epidendrum sulfuratorium, Epidendrum tarmense, Epidendrum tricallosum, Epidendrum versicolor, Prosthechea pulcherrima

Epidendrum schomburgkii

Common Name: Schomburgk's Epidendrum
Native to: Columbia, Venezuela, Ecuador and the rest of northern South America. Epidendrum schomburgkii grows as a terrestrial plant between 200 and 2000 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Large. The reed-like leafy stems of Epidendrum schomburgkii grow to more than 1 meter (40 inches) in height. The leaves are leathery.
Flower Size: 1.5 inches (4 cm)
Flower Description: Epidendrum schomburgkii produces flowers on terminal inflorescence. Many flowers bloom over a long period of time.
Bloom Season: Fall to Early Winter
Growing Temperature: Warm
Additional Information: Jay Pfahl reports that "it is easy to grow in wood slat baskets filled with fen rock and OFE Special #2 and with long 4 wire hooks to support the 4 ft stems". Epidendrum schomburgkii is named after the Schomburgk brothers who were German explorers.
Synonyms: Epidendrum ibaguense, Epidendrum incisum, Epidendrum macrocarpum, Epidendrum splendens

Epidendrum saxatile

Common Name: Rock Living Epidendrum
Native to: Brazil, Peru, Venezuela. Epidendrum saxatile grows on Vellozia shrubs or rocks on dry shrubby hills between 950 and 1200 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Medium. Epidendrum saxatile has short stems with a few leaves. The stems branch with age.
Flower Size: 0.5 inches (1 cm)
Flower Description: The flowers of Epidendrum saxatile are produced on a branched flower stem that develops at the top of mature stems. Each growth produces many flowers that are yellow or white.
Bloom Season: Fall
Growing Temperature: Cool to Warm
Additional Information: Grow mounted on wood or cork bark or grow in a well-drained pot. Provide bright light and let the plant dry between watering. Epidendrum saxatile is adaptable to many growing temperatures.
Synonyms: Epidendrum candidum, Epidendrum fractiflexum, Epidendrum goncalvii, Epidendrum miersii, Epidendrum vellozoi, Epidendrum weddelii

Epidendrum ruizianum

Common Name: Ruiz's Epidendrum
Native to: Bolivia, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela. Epidendrum ruizianum grows on trees or as a terrestrial plant in cool forests. It grows on steep, rocky slopes where it is exposed to the elements from 1200 to 3000 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Large. Epidendrum ruizianum has reed-like stems that have many leaves.
Flower Size: 0.75 inches (2 cm)
Flower Description: The flowers of Epidendrum ruizianum are produced on a 6 inch (15 cm) terminal flower stem that has many flowers clustered at the tip. The flower stem can be branched. Flowers are fragrant and open over a long period of time.
Bloom Season: Late Summer to Winter (August to March in its native habitat).
Growing Temperature: Cool
Additional Information: Epidendrum ruizianum was named in honor of Dr. Ruiz who was a highly regarded botanist from the 18^th century. Do not confuse this species with Encyclia nutans which is unique. Grow in pots with terrestrial orchid mix or mount on cork bark. Provide cool growing conditions and bright light.
Synonyms: Epidendrum dipus, Epidendrum nutans, Epidendrum spathaceum

Epidendrum rigidum

Common Name: Rigid Epidendrum
Native to: South Florida, Caribbean islands, Mexico to Venezuela to Peru. Epidendrum rigidum grows in wet forests on trees. This tropical species is found in semi-deciduous, evergreen, and mangrove forests. It is found from sea level to 1300 meters.
Plant Size: Medium. Epidendrum rigidum has reed-like stems with up to six leaves.
Flower Size: 0.5 inches (1.2 cm)
Flower Description: The flowers are produced at the tip of the mature stems.
Bloom Season: Spring and Fall
Growing Temperature: Cool to Warm
Additional Information: Epidendrum rigidum has been found growing in south Florida. Grow mounted on cork bark or tree fern plaques or grow in a well-drained pot or slatted basket.
Synonyms: Epidendrum cardiophorum, Epidendrum pium, Spathiger rigidus

Epidendrum repens

Common Name: Crawling Epidendrum
Native to: Mexico south to Panama, Columbia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, and Leeward Islands. Epidendrum repens is a widespread species that grows on trees.
Plant Size: Small. The sprawling stems are long and are covered with green leaves.
Flower Size: 0.75 inches (2 cm)
Flower Description: Flowers are produced singly on a short infloresence at the leaf axil. The plants bloom over a long period of time.
Bloom Season: Spring to Fall
Growing Temperature: Warm
Additional Information: This widespread species is somewhat variable and has a creeping habit. Grow mounted on in shallow pots and let the stems ramble over the edge.
Synonyms: Epidendrum bourgeaui, Epidendrum protractum, Epidendrum ramistratum, Epidendrum solisequum, Spathiger repens

Epidendrum renzii

Common Name: Renz's Epidendrum
Native to: Venezuela. Epidendrum renzii is found growing on trees fairly low in the canopy between 1900 and 2300 meters in elevation in the northwestern part of Venezuela.
Plant Size: Small. Epidendrum renzii has narrow, pendent stems with a few leaves.
Flower Size: 0.25 inches (0.5 cm)
Flower Description: The tiny flowers of Epidendrum renzii are produced on a short flower stem that has up to four flowers.
Bloom Season: Spring
Growing Temperature: Cool
Additional Information: Due to this species pendant habit, Epidendrum renzii needs to be grown mounted on cork bark, driftwood, or tree fern. Provide water and fertilizer throughout the year.
Synonyms: None.

Epidendrum purum

Common Name: Single-colored Epidendrum Orchid
Native to: Ecuador, Columbia, Venezuela. Epidendrum purum is widespread and found throughout much of northern South America. It grows on trees in moist forests from 500 to 2800 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Medium. Epidendrum purum has reed-like stems with thin, narrow green leaves.
Flower Size: 0.75 inches (2 cm)
Flower Description: Epidendrum purum produces many flowers on a terminal inflorescence. The flowers are fragrant.
Bloom Season: Fall to Winter
Growing Temperature: Cool to Warm
Additional Information: Epidendrum purum can be grown on cork bark slabs, slatted baskets, or pots with coarse growing media. Provide ample water and fertilizer during periods of active growth and reduce water after growth matures.
Synonyms: None.

Epidendrum polyanthum

Common Name: Many-flowered Epidendrum
Native to: Southern Mexico to Costa Rica, Venezuela and Brazil. It is found in the Mexican state of Chiapas. Epidendrum polyanthum is widespread and grows on trees in low elevation forests.
Plant Size: Medium. Epidendrum polyanthum has upright reed-like stems that have many dark green leaves.
Flower Size: 0.75 inches (2 cm)
Flower Description: Epidendrum polyanthum produces many flowers on an 18 inch (45 cm) flower stem. Up to 20 flowers bloom on one stem. The flowers open up over a long period of time.
Bloom Season: Summer. It can bloom any time of year but most blooming happens during the summer.
Growing Temperature: Warm to Cool
Additional Information: Grow in well-drained pots, slatted baskets or on cork bark. Provide even water and fertilizer throughout the year. The plant is adaptable and easy to grow.
Synonyms: Epidendrum bisetum, Epidendrum colorans, Epidendrum funiferum, Epidendrum heteroglossum, Epidendrum lansbergii, Epidendrum polystachyum, Epidendrum quinquelobum, Epidendrum stallforthianum, Epidendrum verrucipes

Epidendrum garcia-esquivelii

Common Name: Garcia-Esquiville's Epidendrum
Native to: Venezuela. Epidendrum garcia-esquivelii grows on trees in wet, humid forests at approximately 1000 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Medium. There is some variation in plant size between individuals of the species Epidendrum garcia-esquivelii . Plants stems that look like reeds or bamboo. They are flexible and have narrow leaves.
Flower Size: 0.75 inches (2 cm)
Flower Description: Epidendrum garcia-esquivelii produces four flowers on the terminal flower stem. The flowers are fragrant and all open at the same time.
Bloom Season: Spring?
Growing Temperature: Warm to Cool
Additional Information: Epidendrum garcia-esquivelii is named in honor of Mr Garcia-Esquiville who is an orchid enthusiast from Venezuela.
Synonyms: None.

Epidendrum frutex

Native to: Columbia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru. Epidendrum frutex grows in cloud forests in scrubby habitats as a terrestrial plant between 2800 to 3500 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Large. Epidendrum frutex has upright stems with reed-like leaves.
Flower Size: 0.125 inches (4 mm)
Flower Description: Flowers are small and borne in great quantity on a branched inflorescence. Many flowers bloom over a long period of time. Pollinated flowers produce huge seed capsules.
Bloom Season: Spring
Growing Temperature: Cool
Additional Information: Grow Epidendrum frutex in cool, humid growing conditions in a pot with terrestrial orchid mix.
Synonyms: None.

Epidendrum flexuosum

Epidendrum flexuosum

Common Name: Bent Raceme Epidendrum
Native to: Native from Belize to Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana. Epidendrum flexuosum grows below 1000 meters in hot, humid tropical forests.
Plant Size: Large. Epidendrum flexuosum has upright reed-type stems that have many tongue-shaped leaves that are light green in color.
Flower Size: 1 inch (2.5 cm)
Flower Description: The flowers of Epidendrum flexuosum are fairly small and borne on a simple or branched flower stem that has many tightly clustered flowers near the tip. Flowers bloom over a long period of time.
Bloom Season: Blooms several times per year.
Growing Temperature: Warm
Additional Information: Epidendrum flexuosum is large and mature plants can become impressive specimens. Grow in a well-drained pot that has a free-draining potting mix.
Synonyms: Epidendrum buenavistae, Epidendrum imetrophyllum, Epidendrum lorifolium, Epidendrum palpigerum

Epidendrum excisum

Common Name: Cut Epidendrum
Native to: Venezuela south to Bolivia. Epidendrum excisum grows on trees or rocks on brushy slopes between 1800 and 4150 meters in elevation.
Plant Size: Large. Epidendrum excisum has upright, leafy reed-like stems.
Flower Size: 1 inch (3 cm)
Flower Description: Lots of flowers are produced on an eleven inch long (28 cm) branched flower stem that develops on mature stems.
Bloom Season: Blooms anytime of the year.
Growing Temperature: Cool
Additional Information: Epidendrum excisum is another large, reed-stem species that prefers cool, moist growing conditions. Grow mounted on cork bark or tree fern or grow in a pot with excellent drainage. Provide water and fertilizer throughout the year. Attractive.
Synonyms: Epidendrum excisum var. grandiflorum

Epidendrum coronatum - Crown-Like Epidendrum

Epidendrum coronatum

Common Name: Crown-Like Epidendrum

Native to: Trinidad and Nicaragua south to Venezuela and Peru. Epidendrum coronatum grows on tree branched and tree trunks and even the occasional rock outcropping in moist mountainous forests between 100 and 1500 meters in elevation.

Plant Size: Large. Epidendrum coronatum is a tall reed-stem type Epidendrum that has upright stems with many leaves.

Flower Size: 1.75 inches (4 cm)

Flower Description: The colorful flowers of Epidendrum coronatum are produced on an arching flower stem that emerges from the top of mature stems.

Bloom Season: Winter to Spring

Growing Temperature: Cool to Warm

Additional Information: Epidendrum coronatum is an attractive and robust member of the genus that produces ample colorful flowers. Grow in pots with a coarse, high-quality orchid mix. Provide even moisture and fertilizer throughout the year.

Synonyms: Epidendrum amazonicum, Epidendrum benignum, Epidendrum compositum, Epidendrum moyobambae, Epidendrum subpatens, Epidendrum sulphuroleucum

Epidendrum coriifolium - Leather-Like Leaf Epidendrum

Epidendrum coriifolium

Common Name: Leather-Like Leaf Epidendrum

Native to: Mexico and Central America south to Bolivia, Peru, and Venezuela. Epidendrum coriifolium grows in wet tropical and subtropical mountain forests from 350 to 1500 meters in elevation. It can grow on trees, rocks, or in the ground as a terrestrial orchid.

Plant Size: Medium. Epidendrum coriifolium has reed-like stems that have green leaves with purple undersides.

Flower Size: 1.5 to 2 inches (4-5 cm)

Flower Description: The flowers are large and attractive but have a rather unpleasant fragrance. A few to several large purple flowers are produced on a 10 inch (25 cm) tall flower stem that emerges from freshly maturing pseudobulbs.

Bloom Season: Winter.

Growing Temperature: Warm to Cool (Adaptable)

Additional Information: Epidendrum coriifolium is a widespread and adaptable species that is easy to grow mounted on cork or in pots. Provide even moisture and fertilizer throughout the year.

Synonyms: Epidendrum fuscopurpureum, Epidendrum imitans, Epidendrum magnibracteatum, Epidendrum palmense, Epidendrum subviolascens

Epidendrum compressum - Compressed Epidendrum

Epidendrum compressum

Common Name: Compressed Epidendrum

Native to: Bolivia, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Trinidad. Epidendrum compressum grows on trees in wet mountainous forests. It's habitat ranges from 110 meters to 1700 meters in elevation.

Plant Size: Small. Compact plants of Epidendrum compressum have fleshy stems with up to four leaves.

Flower Size: 0.25 inches (1 cm)

Flower Description: Flowers of Epidendrum compressum are small and bloom on an arching flower stem that grows up to 16 inches (40 cm) long.

Bloom Season: Winter to Early Spring

Growing Temperature: Warm

Additional Information: Grow Epidendrum compressum mounted on cork or tree fern or in a pot with coarse open media. Provide warmth, humidity, and constant moisture and nutrition throughout the year. The species was first described to the scientific community in 1864.

Synonyms: Epidendrum guentherianum, Epidendrum laxum, Epidendrum macrothyrsis, Epidendrum yatapuense, Minicolumna laxa, Minicolumna yatapuensis

Epidendrum cernuum - Nodding Epidendrum

Epidendrum cernuum

Common Name: Nodding Epidendrum

Native to: Columbia and Venezuela. Epidendrum cernuum grows on trees in warm, moist forests.

Plant Size: size

Flower Size: size

Flower Description: Flowers are produced on a short inflorescence that is produced on a maturing vegetive growth. Few to several flowers bloom on one stem.

Bloom Season: Fall

Growing Temperature: Warm

Additional Information: Grow Epidendrum cernuum mounted on cork or tree fern and provide warm, humid growing conditions with adequate fertility and air circulation.

Synonyms: None.